Drugs metabolism

The following drugs are extensively metabolised

(a) prilocaine

(b) digoxin

(c) chlorpromazine

(d) diazepam

(e) paracetamol

Drug Receptors

The following statements are true regarding drug receptors

(a) they are found only in cell membranes

(b) drug receptor activity is always G-protein-coupled

(c) the concentration of receptors in the cell membranes is dynamic

(d) GABA receptors are ligand-gated ion channels

(e) competitive antagonists bind reversibly to the receptors

Motility of the Gastrointestinal Tract

The motility of the gastrointestinal tract is increased by

(a) vagotomy

(b) complete transection of the spinal cord at T3

(c) stellate ganglion block

(d) mechanical bowel obstruction

(e) neostigmine

Plasma proteins

Plasma proteins

(a) exert an osmotic pressure of approximately 5.3 kPa (40 mmHg)

(b) provide one-half of the buffering capacity of the blood

(c) include plasminogen

(d) are mostly in the anionic form

(e) are the main source of carbamino groups

Athletes

When compared to normal people athletes have

(a) a larger stroke volume at rest

(b) a lower heart rate at any given level of exercise

(c) a decreased maximal oxygen consumption (V_O2 max)

(d) a smaller increase in blood lactate production with exercise

(e) a higher muscle blood flow

Renal Tubule

In the renal tubule

(a) hydrogen ions are excreted in combination with ammonia

(b) hydrogen ions are excreted mostly as phosphate

(c) aldosterone increases sodium absorption in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and collecting duct

(d) ADH increases water permeability in the DCT

(e) almost 99% of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed

Compensatory reactions activated by haemorrhage

Compensatory reactions activated by haemorrhage include

(a) decreased movement of interstitial fluid into the capillaries

(b) decreased plasma protein synthesis

(c) increased secretion of ADH

(d) decreased glomerular filtration rate

(e) decreased filtration fraction